A Day in Georgian London

I must not forget to tell you that the parties have their different places, where, however, a stranger is always well received, but a Whig will no more go to the Cocoa Tree or Osinda’s than a Tory will be seen at the Coffee-houses of St James’s.* The Sets generally go to the British, and a mixture of all sorts to the Smyrna.*

Ordinaries* are not so common here as abroad, but there are good French ones in Suffolk Street. The general way here is to make a party at the Coffee-house to go to dine at the tavern, where we sit till six, when we go to the play, except you are invited to the table of some great man. After the play the best company generally go to Tom’s and Will’s Coffee-houses near adjoining, where there is playing at picquet and the best of conversation till midnight.

abridged

Abridged from ‘A Journey Through England’ (1714) by John Macky (?-1726).

* The Whigs and the Tories were the two Parliamentary parties of the day. Tories tended to be the landed gentry and senior clergy; the Whigs were more often City businessmen. The Cocoa Tree and Osinda’s were cafes serving hot chocolate. These chocolate and coffee houses were places to sit and read newspapers and discuss literature or current affairs with friends.

* A Set was a name for a group of fashionable people. The British Coffee-house stood at 27 Cockspur Street, London; the Smyrna Coffee-house was in Pall Mall, where the letter-writer was supposedly staying while in London.

* ‘Ordinaries’ was a term for meals provided at a fixed time and price at an inn, or for the inns which served them.

Précis
Macky explained that these coffee-houses generally catered for a specific political or fashionable clientele, though some welcomed people of all tastes. Dinner rounded off the day’s busy round of chatter by six, and was followed in the evening by a trip to the theatre, and then cards and conversation until midnight.
Questions for Critics

1. What is the author aiming to achieve in writing this?

2. Note any words, devices or turns of phrase that strike you. How do they help the author communicate his ideas more effectively?

3. What impression does this passage make on you? How might you put that impression into words?

Based on The English Critic (1939) by NL Clay, drawing on The New Criticism: A Lecture Delivered at Columbia University, March 9, 1910, by J. E. Spingarn, Professor of Comparative Literature in Columbia University, USA.

Read Next

‘Sussex’

A meditation on our instinctive love for the place in which we live.

The Battle of Nechtansmere

King Ecgfrith of Northumbria dismissed repeated warnings about his imperial ambitions.

The Cat’s Wedding

It’s easier to change how you look than to hide who you are.