A European Fraud

Assuredly many sad and deplorable facts must be recognized: sincere, honest young men, earnestly seeking the truth, went on their quest to the people, trying to alleviate its woes. And what happened? The people drove them away, and refused to recognize their honest efforts. For those young men hold the people to be otherwise than as it is. [...]

Blessed, none the less, be those who shall find the right path in these circumstances! The breach with environment is bound to be much more decisive than the breach between the society of to-day and to-morrow, which the Socialists prophesy. For if one wants to go to the people and remain with the people, one must first of all learn not to scorn the people;* and this it is well-nigh impossible for our upper class to do. In the second place, one must believe in God, which is impossible for Russian Europeans (though the genuine Europeans of Europe do believe in God); they hate and despise its ideals, and offer it remedies which it cannot but regard as senseless and crazy.

Abridged

From ‘Letters of Fyodor Michailovitch Dostoevsky to his Family and Friends’ (?1914), by Fyodor Dostoyevsky (1821-1881), edited and translated by Alexander Eliasberg (1878-1924) and Ethel Colburn Mayne (?-1941).

* “Instead of living the life of the people,” Dostoevsky had written earlier in this letter, “these young men, who understand the people in no wise, and profoundly scorn its every fundamental principle — for example, its religion — go to the people not to learn to know it, but condescendingly to instruct and patronize it: a thoroughly aristocratic game!”

Précis
He trusted in the students’ sincerity, Dostoevsky said, but they had to recognise that the gap between the older and younger generations was always much smaller than that between the elite and the general public. Mutual understanding would require Westernised intellectuals to respect the people and share their Christian convictions, and he simply could not see that would ever happen.
Questions for Critics

1. What is the author aiming to achieve in writing this?

2. Note any words, devices or turns of phrase that strike you. How do they help the author communicate his ideas more effectively?

3. What impression does this passage make on you? How might you put that impression into words?

Based on The English Critic (1939) by NL Clay, drawing on The New Criticism: A Lecture Delivered at Columbia University, March 9, 1910, by J. E. Spingarn, Professor of Comparative Literature in Columbia University, USA.

Sevens

Suggest answers to this question. See if you can limit one answer to exactly seven words.

In Dostoevsky’s opinion, what was the first thing Moscow’s bleeding-heart students needed to do?

Suggestion

To learn respect for ordinary Russian people.

Jigsaws

Express the ideas below in a single sentence, using different words as much as possible. Do not be satisfied with the first answer you think of; think of several, and choose the best.

Most ordinary Russians believed in God. Most of the elite didn’t. Mutual understanding was impossible.

See if you can include one or more of these words in your answer.

IClass. IIDifferent. IIIEach.

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