How the Cobra Got His Spectacles

The native Indians have a curious legend respecting the origin of this mark, and their reverence for the reptile. One day when Buddha was lying asleep in the sun, a Cobra came and raised its body between him and the burning beams, spreading its hood so as to shade his face. The grateful deity promised to repay the favour, but forgot to do so. In those days the Brahminny kite used to prey largely on the Cobras, and worked such devastation among them, that the individual who had done Buddha the forgotten service ventured to remind him of his promise, and to beg relief from the attacks of the kite. Buddha immediately granted the request by placing the spectacles on the Snake’s hood, thereby frightening the kite so much that it has never since ventured to attack a Cobra.

From ‘Illustrated Natural History’ (1851, 1880), by John George Wood (1827-1889).

Précis
These ‘spectacles’, Indian lore tells us, were a gift of the Buddha, to scare off the kites that mercilessly harassed cobras. Moved by the appeal of one snake, who reminded the Buddha that his hood had once shaded him from the heat of the midday sun, he placed these marks on every hood, and it proved a most effective measure.
Questions for Critics

1. What is the author aiming to achieve in writing this?

2. Note any words, devices or turns of phrase that strike you. How do they help the author communicate his ideas more effectively?

3. What impression does this passage make on you? How might you put that impression into words?

Based on The English Critic (1939) by NL Clay, drawing on The New Criticism: A Lecture Delivered at Columbia University, March 9, 1910, by J. E. Spingarn, Professor of Comparative Literature in Columbia University, USA.

Sevens

Suggest answers to this question. See if you can limit one answer to exactly seven words.

Why did the Buddha feel he had to help the Cobra?

Suggestion

Because the snake had once helped him.

Jigsaws

Express the ideas below in a single sentence, using different words as much as possible. Do not be satisfied with the first answer you think of; think of several, and choose the best.

Once the cobra helped the Buddha. Now he reminded him. He agreed to help.

See if you can include one or more of these words in your answer.

IForget. IIKindness. IIIRemember.

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