On Having the Socks

The reader will have no difficulty in believing that the laws regarding ill health* were frequently evaded by the help of recognised fictions, which every one understood, but which it would be considered gross ill-breeding to even seem to understand.

Thus, a day or two after my arrival at the Nosnibors’, one of the many ladies who called on me made excuses for her husband’s only sending his card, on the ground that when going through the public market-place that morning he had stolen a pair of socks. I had already been warned that I should never show surprise, so I merely expressed my sympathy, and said that though I had only been in the capital so short a time, I had already had a very narrow escape from stealing a clothes-brush, and that though I had resisted temptation so far, I was sadly afraid that if I saw any object of special interest that was neither too hot nor too heavy, I should have to put myself in the straightener’s hands. Mrs Nosnibor, who had been keeping an ear on all that I had been saying, praised me when the lady had gone. Nothing, she said, could have been more polite according to Erewhonian etiquette. She then explained that to have stolen a pair of socks, or “to have the socks” (in more colloquial language), was a recognised way of saying that the person in question was slightly indisposed.

From ‘Erewhon: or, Over the Range’ (1872), by Samuel Butler (1835-1902).

* The narrator tells us that in Erewhon, physical sickness, disability, bereavement or losing a job were all regarded as blameable and liable to criminal prosecution for anyone under the age of seventy. Bulter indicates that the Erewhonians found these things upsetting to the degree that, as we would say today, they were ‘triggered’ by the recital of such griefs, and instead of provoking sympathy they provoked angry resentment. “Ill luck of any kind, or even ill treatment at the hands of others, is considered an offence against society, inasmuch as it makes people uncomfortable to hear of it.”

Précis
The fear of prosecution for physical infirmity compelled the Erewhonians to ingenious evasions when sickness struck. So many confessed to having stolen some socks, as a more acceptable fault, that it had become a universally understood euphemism. The narrator, presented with this excuse, impressed his guide by politely admitting that he too had experienced a temptation to petty theft.
Questions for Critics

1. What is the author aiming to achieve in writing this?

2. Note any words, devices or turns of phrase that strike you. How do they help the author communicate his ideas more effectively?

3. What impression does this passage make on you? How might you put that impression into words?

Based on The English Critic (1939) by NL Clay, drawing on The New Criticism: A Lecture Delivered at Columbia University, March 9, 1910, by J. E. Spingarn, Professor of Comparative Literature in Columbia University, USA.

Sevens

Suggest answers to this question. See if you can limit one answer to exactly seven words.

Why did the lady say that her husband had stolen some socks when it was not true?

Suggestion

She dared not admit he was unwell.

Jigsaws

Express the ideas below in a single sentence, using different words as much as possible. Do not be satisfied with the first answer you think of; think of several, and choose the best.

I can’t go to the party. Say I have the socks. Everyone will understand.

See if you can include one or more of these words in your answer.

IIf. IIMean. IIITell.

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