The Battle of Salamis

SEEING the size and splendour of the Persian fleet, some Greeks quailed and were preparing to desert until a daring Athenian, Aristides, broke through enemy lines to warn them that the Persians had cut off all escape from the Strait of Salamis.

Themistocles took Aristides aside, and confessed to deliberately leaking details of his position so Xerxes would bottle up the deserters; besides, a close fight in the Strait was what he wanted, as he forecast a stiff breeze to come and play havoc with the Persians’ clutter of clumsy, top-heavy galleys. Aristides listened in awe. Xerxes meanwhile seated himself comfortably on a golden throne overlooking the Strait,* but watched in horror as amid frenzied fighting and windswept seas two hundred Persian ships sank, five times the Greeks’ losses. Evening confirmed the utter ruin of his fleet, and his campaign.

Greek spies now spread another fairytale, whispering that Themistocles was preparing to demolish Xerxes’s bridge over the Hellespont.* The panic-stricken barbarian beat a hasty retreat across it with his dispirited army, and never returned.

Based on ‘Plutarch’s Lives for Boys and Girls’ (1900) by W. H. Stewart, ‘Lives’ [of the Noble Greeks and Romans] Vol. 1 by Plutarch (AD ?46-120), translated by Aubrey Stewart and George Long, and ‘The History of Herodotus’ Vol. II, by Herodotus (?484-?425 BC), translated by G.C. Macaulay.

On Mount Aigaleo, a short distance northwest of Athens and with a commanding view of the Strait of Salamis, which lies some six miles from the peak. See A view of Mount Aigaleo looking across to the hill from the Erechtheon on the north side of the Acropolis in Athens.

Plutarch tells us that at first this was a serious proposal, but Aristides urged that far from destroying the bridge ‘we ought rather, if possible, at once to build another, and send the man out of Europe as quickly as possible.’ Themistocles then dreamt up this bluff as a ruse to hurry the Persian king away.

Précis
By leaking his position to Xerxes, Themistocles managed not only to head off a planned desertion, but also to draw the Persians into the Strait of Salamis, where the lack of space and the choppy conditions helped inflict heavy losses. Xerxes reluctantly abandoned his campaign, and fearing the Greeks might cut his bridge over the Hellespont raced home to Asia.
Sevens

Suggest answers to this question. See if you can limit one answer to exactly seven words.

How did Themistocles impress Aristides?

Suggestion

By tricking Xerxes into blocking Greek deserters.

Jigsaws

Express the ideas below in a single sentence, using different words as much as possible. Do not be satisfied with the first answer you think of; think of several, and choose the best.

Xerxes placed a throne on a nearby hill. He sat down. He intended to watch the battle.

Read Next

How Britain Abolished Slavery

The Church, mother Nature and free markets had almost done for slavery at home when colonies in the New World brought it back.

Duet for a Captive King

Legend tells how Richard the Lionheart’s favourite singer found where Leopold of Austria had stowed him.

The Farmer and the Buried Treasure

An affectionate father came up with an imaginative way to get his sons to work on the farm.