The Candidate

I TOLD him I had no vote,* for which he readily gave me credit. I assured him I had no influence, which he was not equally inclined to believe, and the less, no doubt, because Mr Ashburner, the draper, addressing himself to me at this moment, informed me that I had a great deal. Supposing that I could not be possessed of such a treasure without knowing it, I ventured to confirm my first assertion, by saying, that if I had any I was utterly at a loss to imagine where it could be, or wherein it consisted. Thus ended the conference.

Mr Grenville squeezed me by the hand again, kissed the ladies, and withdrew. He kissed likewise the maid in the kitchen, and seemed upon the whole a most loving, kissing, kind-hearted gentleman. He is very young, genteel, and handsome. The boys halloo’d, the dogs barked, puss scampered, the hero, with his long train of obsequious followers, withdrew.* We made ourselves very merry with the adventure, and in a short time settled into our former tranquillity, never probably to be thus interrupted more.

From a letter to John Newton dated March 29th, 1784, in The Correspondence of William Cowper’ Volume 2 (1904) edited by Thomas Wright. Further information from his other correspondence, and (on the hares) from a letter by Cowper to ‘Gentleman’s Magazine’ Volume 54 No. 6 (June 1784), starting at p. 412.

* At this time, before the Great Reform of 1832, voting was restricted to those who owned property worth 40 shillings per annum or more. According to Measuring Worth, this is equivalent in today’s economy to about £3,600 in terms of ‘prestige value,’ but as much as £24,770 in terms of ‘relative output,’ that is, the economic influence conferred by an income of 40s. However, Cowper had long been an invalid on account of chronic depression and relied on the generosity of Mary Unwin, which meant that he did not qualify to vote. See The Reform Acts

* In the ensuing election, William Grenville and Sir John Aubrey, both Pittites, were sent to Parliament as Members for Buckinghamshire. Ralph, Earl Verney, who like Cowper took the side of the Commons against George III’s unusual intervention, came third and so was not elected. Grenville rose through the political ranks and in February 1806 became Prime Minister. He remained in the office for just over a year, but in that time managed to get the Act for the Abolition of the Slave Trade passed, in 1807. Cowper, an ardent Abolitionist, would have thanked him for that.

Précis
Cowper at once informed Grenville that he did not qualify as a voter, which Grenville took in his stride; what discomfited him more was hearing that Cowper felt sure that he had no influence on others. At this, Grenville warmly shook hands and took his leave, seizing the opportunity to give all the ladies present (including the maid) a kiss.
Questions for Critics

1. What is the author aiming to achieve in writing this?

2. Note any words, devices or turns of phrase that strike you. How do they help the author communicate his ideas more effectively?

3. What impression does this passage make on you? How might you put that impression into words?

Based on The English Critic (1939) by NL Clay, drawing on The New Criticism: A Lecture Delivered at Columbia University, March 9, 1910, by J. E. Spingarn, Professor of Comparative Literature in Columbia University, USA.

Sevens

Suggest answers to this question. See if you can limit one answer to exactly seven words.

What was it that Mr Grenville found hard to believe?

Suggestion

That Cowper had no influence in Olney.

Jigsaws

Express the ideas below in a single sentence, using different words as much as possible. Do not be satisfied with the first answer you think of; think of several, and choose the best.

There was a general election in 1784. Cowper could not vote. He made no income from property.

See if you can include one or more of these words in your answer.

IDisqualify. IIEarn. IIIThreshold.

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