Tilting at Windmills

“’Tis plain,” said Don Quixote, “that thou hast still much to learn in our school of adventures. I tell thee they are giants, and if thou art afraid, keep out of the way, and pass the time in prayer, while I am engaged with them in fierce and unequal battle.”

Saying this, he set spurs to Rozinante, and turning a deaf ear to the cries of Sancho, who kept repeating that the supposed giants were nothing but windmills, he thundered across the plain, shouting at the top of his voice:

“Fly not, ye cowardly loons, for it is only a single knight who is coming to attack you!”

Just at this moment there came a puff of wind, which set the sails in motion; seeing which, Don Quixote cried “Ay, swing your arms! If ye had more of them than Briareos himself, I would make you pay for it.” Then, with a heartfelt appeal to his lady Dulcinea, he charged full gallop at the nearest mill, and pierced the descending sail with his lance. The weapon was shivered to pieces, and horse and rider, caught by the sweep of the sail, were sent rolling with great violence across the plain.*

Translated and abridged by Herbert Lord Havell (1863-1913).

From Stories from Don Quixote (1908), translated and abridged by Herbert Lord Havell (1847-1916).

* In Greek mythology, Briareos is a Hecatonchire, one of the three giants of immense strength, each having a hundred hands.

* From this episode we derive the phrase ‘tilting at windmills’, i.e. attacking imaginary enemies, fighting shadows, conducting a campaign against something that isn’t there or isn’t what it is supposed to be.

Précis
Don Quixote brushed aside Sancho’s bewilderment, ascribing it to his ignorance of knightly quests. Lowering his lance, he spurred his horse towards the ‘giants’. Sancho’s continued protests were unavailing. On the knight rode until he clashed with one of the sails which was stirring in the breeze, and horse and rider tumbled onto the plain in a most undignified manner.
Questions for Critics

1. What is the author aiming to achieve in writing this?

2. Note any words, devices or turns of phrase that strike you. How do they help the author communicate his ideas more effectively?

3. What impression does this passage make on you? How might you put that impression into words?

Based on The English Critic (1939) by NL Clay, drawing on The New Criticism: A Lecture Delivered at Columbia University, March 9, 1910, by J. E. Spingarn, Professor of Comparative Literature in Columbia University, USA.

Sevens

Suggest answers to this question. See if you can limit one answer to exactly seven words.

What reason did Don Quixote give for not listening to Sancho’s warnings?

Suggestion

He said Sancho did not understand adventures.

Jigsaws

Express the ideas below in a single sentence, using different words as much as possible. Do not be satisfied with the first answer you think of; think of several, and choose the best.

Don Quixote attacked a windmill. A breeze moved the sails. A sail knocked Don Quixtote off his horse.

See if you can include one or more of these words in your answer.

IBlow. IIFall. IIIInstant.

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